Modes

Mode	What it gives the guest
`nat`	Private network address, Mac connection share। Default, almost always।
`host-only`	Mac और कुछ नहीं। Outbound internet नहीं।
`bridged:en0`	Real LAN address, guest दूसरी machine जैसी।

1vm create dev --network nat
1vm set dev network.mode host-only
1vm set dev network.mode bridged:en0

NAT

1VM engine first-party user-mode NAT stack — DHCP, DNS, TCP/UDP translation — external daemon delegate नहीं। Guest address automatic, outbound connections work।

1vm ip <vm> address print, 1vm list state alongside। Booted लेकिन DHCP incomplete waiting report, fake address pretend नहीं।

Port forwarding

Mac से guest service reach:

1vm set dev portForwards.add tcp:2222:22
1vm set dev portForwards.add tcp:8080:80
1vm set dev portForwards.remove tcp:8080:80

Form protocol:hostPort:guestPort। 1VM engine forwards loopback only — Mac reachable, network नहीं। Other machines से guest चाहिए तो bridged networking।

Bridged entitlement-gated

Bridged com.apple.vm.networking entitlement, Apple request grant। Without, interface unavailable with reason, hidden या boot fail नहीं। Deliberate: vanish option why नहीं बताता।

SSH

SSH first-class path, hand configure नहीं:

1vm ssh enable dev
1vm ssh config --install     # adds an Include line to ~/.ssh/config
ssh dev                      # plain ssh now resolves the machine name

1vm ssh trust dev guest host key pin, --relearn rebuild after। Parent alongside clone 1vm clone dev test --rekey-ssh same host key avoid।